North Carolina has exactly 100 counties, third behind Texas and Georgia. Across 1,081 postal codes that works out at about 11 codes per county — almost identical to Texas, and roughly a third of what New Jersey carries. Codes-per-county is a better predictor than population of how painful county-keyed logic will be: a tax or reporting table keyed on county in North Carolina has 100 rows to fill and no shortcuts.
The prefix distribution is the part that surprises people. The largest three-digit prefix by number of codes is 278, whose principal place is Greenville, followed by 286 around Hickory and 287 around Hendersonville. Charlotte and Raleigh are not in the top three. A sorting facility's code count follows the rural territory it covers, not the population it serves, so "the biggest prefix" and "the biggest city" are different questions with different answers.
For fixtures, that means a North Carolina set built from Charlotte, Raleigh and Durham exercises three prefixes out of 20 and none of the state's rural sorting geography — where a single place name can cover a wide area and a delivery is a very different proposition. If your shipping estimates or delivery windows vary by density, the rural prefixes are the interesting half.
The state is also worth having for its place-name volume: 759 distinct USPS place names, one of the higher counts relative to its code total. Where a state has many named places and relatively few codes per place, the city field carries more information and mismatches between what a customer types and what the postal file holds get more likely, not less.
There is one convenience North Carolina does offer. Its twenty prefixes run 270 through 289 without a gap, so the entire state can be expressed to a validator as a single range. That is true of exactly 25 of the 51 state-level jurisdictions, measured across the whole dataset — the other 26, California and New York among them, have prefixes scattered in several blocks and need a set rather than a range. It is worth checking which kind you are dealing with before writing a prefix rule that happens to work for the first state you tested.